Cross source

batch_resolve

Batch Resolve Identifiers. Read-only. Reaches outside the server.

Resolve a list of paper, patent, or book identifiers to full records.

Uses the S2 batch endpoint for paper IDs/DOIs, with OpenAlex fallback. An OpenAlex-sourced paper ("source": "openalex") has the same keys as an S2 one for the requested fields, with paperId null. Patent numbers (such as EP1234567A1) are auto-detected and resolved via the EPO OPS API when configured. ISBNs (prefixed ISBN:) are resolved via Open Library.

Identifiers fan out across three upstream sources, so a large batch runs long and is then handed back as a job handle to poll with get_job_result rather than the records themselves.

Parameters

Name	Type	Default	Description
identifiers	array of string	required	List of S2 IDs, DOIs (prefixed DOI:), plain DOIs, patent numbers (such as EP1234567A1 or US11234567B2), or ISBNs (prefixed ISBN:, such as ISBN:9780201633610).
fields	compact \| standard \| full	"standard"	Field set preset (applies to paper results only).

Returns

{"results": [...]} in the caller's original order. Paper entries have a paper key, patent entries a patent key and source_type: "patent", book entries a book key and source_type: "book". Unresolved entries have an error key.

• Paper results: the OpenAlex fallback looks the paper up by DOI. An OpenAlex paper also has tldr and fieldsOfStudy null, and openAccessPdf set only when OpenAlex has a direct PDF link. When the citation string contains chapter patterns (such as "Chapter 3" or "pp. 45-67"), a chapter_info dict is attached with parsed chapter/page information.
• Patent results: patent numbers are auto-detected by their two-letter country prefix (such as EP, US, WO).

enrich_paper

Enrich Paper. Read-only. Reaches outside the server.

Fetch OpenAlex metadata to supplement Semantic Scholar data.

Resolves the paper's DOI from S2, then queries OpenAlex for the requested enrichment fields. Results are cached for 30 days.

A cached record answers immediately. Should the lookup run long it continues in the background and returns a job handle to poll with get_job_result.

Parameters

Name	Type	Default	Description
identifier	string	required	S2 paper ID or DOI (prefix DOI:).
fields	array of affiliations \| funders \| oa_status \| concepts	required	One or more of: affiliations, funders, oa_status, concepts.

Returns

A mapping with the requested fields plus doi, or an error mapping.

Available fields:

Field	Description
affiliations	Institution display names from author affiliations
funders	Funding organization names
oa_status	Open access status string (such as gold, green, hybrid); also includes is_oa boolean
concepts	List of {"name": "...", "score": 0.95} topic concepts