Automatic enrichment¶
Paper and book results are filled in from more sources than the one that answered the call. Enrichment runs in two phases:
- Phase 0 (primary): OpenAlex (open-access status, affiliations, funders, concepts) and CrossRef (publisher, page ranges, container titles).
- Phase 1 (secondary): Open Library (book metadata for papers with an ISBN) and Google Books (preview links, excerpts, snippets).
Books cited as papers¶
When get_paper, get_citations, get_references or get_citation_graph returns a paper whose externalIds.ISBN is present and not empty, Open Library metadata is fetched and attached to the record as book_metadata:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
publisher |
Publisher name |
edition |
Edition string (such as "2nd ed.") |
isbn_13 |
ISBN-13 |
cover_url |
Cover image URL (from Open Library covers) |
openlibrary_work_id |
Open Library work ID (such as OL17953442W) |
description |
Work description, if available |
subjects |
List of subject strings |
page_count |
Page count, if known |
authors |
List of author names, resolved from Open Library work metadata |
Other sources¶
CrossRef adds publisher metadata, page ranges and container titles to a paper result that has a DOI. Google Books adds google_books_url and snippet to a book record that has an ISBN.
When a source doesn't answer¶
Enrichment is best effort. If a source is unreachable or has no data, the record comes back without that layer. At most 10 enrichment requests run at once in each phase.